Background and Aims: Ageing is associated with physical changes where balance impairment is one of important consequences. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of an 8-week Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) program on the balance of older men. Methods: Thirty-six older men (age: 66. 5±, 1. 02 years, height: 171. 8±, 1. 17 cm, and weight: 75. 4±, 2. 16 kg) were purposefully selected based on the inclusion criteria. They were then paired based on the functional reach test score and randomly assigned to exercise (n=18) and control (n=18) groups. The pre-test and post-test assessments included the functional reach test and the Y balance test. The exercise group performed the DNS exercises for eight weeks (three sessions of one hour per week), while the control group performed their routine daily activities. The collected data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS software. Results: There was a significant interaction effect of time and group on the scores of both functional reach test and Y balance test (F(1, 23)=12. 17, P=0. 002, η, 2>0. 35). From the pre-test to the post-test phase, there was a significant improvement in the exercise group, while no significant improvement was reported in the control group. Conclusion: The DNS program can affect the balance of older men. It is recommended to use these exercises to improve their balance.

Background and Aims Balance is an important factor in people with intellectual disability to have an independent life. These people are weak static and Dynamic balance due to lack of development in their central nervous system, defects in the sensory-motor pathways, and having a sedentary life. This study aims to determine the effect of eight weeks of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) exercises on static and Dynamic balance of educable mentally retarded female studentsMethods In this study, participants were 26 educable mentally retarded female students aged 15-20 years (Mean age: 17.19±1.50 years, IQ: 61.15±6.07, weight: 58.9±12.73 kg, height: 157.92±6.07 cm) who were selected using purposive and convenience sampling methods and randomly divided into two groups of training (n=13) and control (n=13). Before and after training, their static balance and Dynamic balance on the right and left feet were evaluated using a foot scan device. Subjects in the training group performed DNS exercises at 24 sessions, each session for 40 minutes. No intervention was provided to the control group; they performed their routine activities. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results After eight weeks of DNS exercises, the results showed a significant improvement in static balance (F=72.54, P=0.001), Dynamic balance on the right foot (F=90.90, P=0.002) and Dynamic balance on the left foot (F=61.58, P=0.001) in the training group compared to the pretest scores and compared to the control group.Conclusion DNS exercises can be used as an effective method to improve static and Dynamic balance of educable mentally retarded female students.

Introduction: The present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of a course of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) exercises on balance and fear of falling in female elderly with a history of falling. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 female elderly people with a history of falling based on entry and exit criteria were purposefully selected as a sample of study. Then, they were randomly assigned into two control and exercise groups. The variables related to static balance and Dynamic balances were assessed by sharpened Romberg Test and Standing Up and Walking Test, respectively. Also, Falls Efficacy Scale International was used to measure the fear of falling. The exercise group performed DNS exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions, and 50 minutes per session. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test and analysis of covariance in SPSS24 software at the significant level of p < 0. 05. Results: A significant difference between pretest and posttest in static balance with open eyes (p = 0. 0001, t =-7. 19), static balance with closed eyes (p = 0. 0001, t =-8. 02), Dynamic balance (p = 0. 0001, t = 6. 49) and fear of falling (p = 0. 0001, t = 7. 29) in DNS exercise group. Also, there were significant differences between DNS and control groups in static balance with open eyes (p = 0. 0001, F =-14. 67), static balance with closed eyes (p = 0. 0001, F = 14. 002), Dynamic balance (p = 0. 0001, F = 20. 12) and fear of falling (p = 0. 006, F = 09. 07). Conclusion: It is recommended that therapists use Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization exercises in female elderly to improve balance and reduce the fear of falling.

Aims Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization approach, as functional mechanisms, evaluate and activate the local spinal stabilizers to optimize the performance of posture and respiratory for both prevention and rehabilitation. But the outcomes of this approach remain unclear. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the change in respiratory function in response to DNS breathing exercises in sedentary students with poor posture. Materials & Methods This experimental study was carried out on 26 poor posture sedentary male students that were selected by purposive sampling method. First, a pretest of the respiratory function including Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio were done for each participant. DNS breathing exercise protocol was trained for 6 weeks (6 sessions per a week) and after completion of training, post-test was performed from all parameters. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software and paired-sample T test. Findings After 6 weeks, significant improvements were observed compared to baseline in spirometry parameters including MVV, FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio (p<0. 001). Conclusion DNS breathing exercise is an effective protocol to improve respiratory function.

Introduction: Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) or core Stabilization exercises have been used to improve core stability, but their effect on nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) is still not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DNS exercises on the electromyography (EMG) activity of the external oblique muscle in people with NSLBP. Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 44 people with chronic NSLBP were randomly assigned to the experimental and the control groups, with 22 participants in each group. The control group received standard physical therapy exercises, while the experimental group performed DNS exercises. Each group underwent an 8-week therapeutic exercise program, 5 sessions per week, with each session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Surface EMG was utilized to assess the core muscle activity of the external oblique. The EMG activity of the external oblique was measured in both groups before and after the 8-week intervention. Results: Nineteen people in the control group and 21 in the DNS group were analyzed. The results showed that after the intervention, patients in the DNS group obtained, on average, an 8. 82% (95% CI, 6. 53%, 11. 10%) higher increase in the EMG activity of the external oblique muscle compared to the patients in the control group (P<0. 001, effect size: 0. 622). Conclusion: DNS exercises can be recommended for improving the activation of superficial core muscles like the external oblique in individuals with NSLBP.